Open Transport Ontology
type: Ontology
version IRI: oto-full.ttl
contributor: (0001) Mirjam Stappel (@stap-m)
contributor: (0002) Carsten Hoyer-Klick (@carstenhoyerklick)
contributor: (0003) Ludwig Hülk (@Ludee)
contributor: (0004) Eugenio Salvador Arellano Ruiz (@areleu)
contributor: (0005) Sirko Schindler (@SirkoS)
contributor: (0006) Daniel Krajzewicz (@dkrajzew)
abstract: The Open Transport Ontology is a dynamic domain ontology for transportation systems modelling, updated regularly following a release cycle. It has been inspired by the Open Energy Ontology (https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/ontology) which is developed as part of the Open Energy Family (https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform). The OTO is published on GitHub under an open source license. The OTO is constantly being extended. This domain ontology is a collaborative effort to represent the context of transportation system analysis based on standard terminologies used by human experts in the field of research. It is designed to improve transparency and facilitate data integration, comparability and transparency of transport system modelling and scenario analysis. This ontology makes use of the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) (https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/ontology/wiki/BFO-Upper-Ontology-Classes) and its principles. It reuses several other ontologies.
license: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
citation: Cite as: Open Transport Ontology v0.2.0
version info: 0.2.0

BFO OWL specification label
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification.
curator note: Really of interest to developers only
sub property of: label

BFO CLIF specification label
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2
definition source: Person:Alan Ruttenberg
curator note: Really of interest to developers only
sub property of: label

editor preferred term
type: AnnotationProperty

example of usage
type: AnnotationProperty

definition
type: AnnotationProperty

editor note
type: AnnotationProperty

term editor
type: AnnotationProperty

alternative term
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: In the OTO, we don't follow the definition strictly. We use alternative term for synonyms and ambiguous terms as well. See https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/ontology/wiki/Handling-ambiguous-terms

definition source
type: AnnotationProperty

curator note
type: AnnotationProperty

imported from
type: AnnotationProperty

elucidation
type: AnnotationProperty

has associated axiom(nl)
type: AnnotationProperty

has associated axiom(fol)
type: AnnotationProperty

has axiom label
type: AnnotationProperty

term tracker annotation
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: Road transport is a mode of transport which uses wheeled vehicles on roads.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/41
sub property of: editor note

query text
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: The text of a query that is associated with a class
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

doctrinal definition
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A Definition that is taken directly from a Doctrinal Source.
scope note: There is only one definition for any given term in an ontology; however, a Doctrinal Definition may be provided in addition to the asserted Definition if the preservation of this information is important. When both a Definition and a Doctrinal Definition are provided for a term, the Definition takes precedence.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology
sub property of: definition

ordinal measurement annotation
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: An ordinal measurement value of an instance of a quality, realizable or process profile
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology
sub property of: measurement annotation

nominal measurement annotation
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A nominal measurement value of an instance of a quality, realizable or process profile
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology
sub property of: measurement annotation

term creator
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: The name of the Term Editor who added the term to the ontology.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology
sub property of: term editor

content license
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: The name and description of the license under which the ideas, concepts and other informational content expressed in the .owl file are released.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

copyright
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: An assertion of copyright
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

doctrinal source
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A Definition Source that consists of a formalized doctrine in which the term is authoritatively defined.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology
sub property of: definition source

measurement annotation
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A measurement value of an instance of a quality, realizable or process profile
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

ratio measurement annotation
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A ratio measurement value of an instance of a quality, realizable or process profile
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology
sub property of: measurement annotation

doctrinal label
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: An Alternative Label that consists of the preferred term or phrase used by a Doctrinal Source to denote the entity.
scope note: When the cco:doctrinal_label is identical to the rdfs:label, the cco:doctrinal_label annotation is superfluous. As a subclass of 'alternative label', 'doctrinal label' is intended to be used to provide additional information about the entity when its preferred doctrinal designator is ambiguous or otherwise inappropriate for use as the rdfs:label.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology
sub property of: altLabel

doctrinal acronym
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: An Acronym that is used by a Doctrinal Source to denote the entity.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology
sub property of: acronym

has token unit
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A relation between an information content entity and a widely used measurement unit of the token used to express it.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

acronym
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: An Alternative Label that consists of a shortened or abbreviated form of the rdfs:label and is used to denote the entity.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology
sub property of: altLabel

definition source
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A citation of where all or some of the information used to create the term's Definition was acquired from.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

interval measurement annotation
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A interval measurement value of an instance of a quality, realizable or process profile
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology
sub property of: measurement annotation

designator annotation
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A name or other identifier that is used to designate an individual.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

http query string
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: The text of an HTTP request that can be sent to a SPARQL Protocol service.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

code license
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: The name and description of the license under which the .owl file is released.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is curated in ontology
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: An annotation property that links a class, property, or named individual to the URI of the ontology where it is located.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is tokenized by
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A relation between an information content entity and a widely used token used to express it.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

term editor
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: The name of a person who contributed to the development or enhancement of the term.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

has realization
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: realizes
domain: realizable entity
range: process
alternative label: realized in
definition: b has realization c =Def c realizes b
example: As for realizes

realizes
type: ObjectProperty
domain: process
range: realizable entity
definition: (Elucidation) realizes is a relation between a process b and realizable entity c such that c inheres in some d & for all t, if b has participant d then c exists & the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c
example: A balding process realizes a disposition to go bald; a studying process realizes a student role; a process of pumping blood realizes the pumping function of a heart
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

participates in
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: has participant
domain: Class
  union of: specifically dependent continuant
  union of: generically dependent continuant
  union of: Class
    intersection of: independent continuant
    intersection of: Class
      complement of: spatial region
range: process
definition: (Elucidation) participates in holds between some b that is either a specifically dependent continuant or generically dependent continuant or independent continuant that is not a spatial region & some process p such that b participates in p some way
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

has participant
type: ObjectProperty
domain: process
range: Class
  union of: specifically dependent continuant
  union of: generically dependent continuant
  union of: Class
    intersection of: independent continuant
    intersection of: Class
      complement of: spatial region
definition: p has participant c =Def c participates in p
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

is concretized by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: concretizes
domain: generically dependent continuant
range: Class
  union of: process
  union of: specifically dependent continuant
definition: c is concretized by b =Def b concretizes c
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

concretizes
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Class
  union of: process
  union of: specifically dependent continuant
range: generically dependent continuant
definition: b concretizes c =Def b is a process or a specifically dependent continuant & c is a generically dependent continuant & there is some time t such that c is the pattern or content which b shares at t with actual or potential copies
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

preceded by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: precedes
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
definition: b preceded by c =Def b precedes c
example: The temporal region occupied by the second half of the match is preceded by the temporal region occupied by the first half of the match

precedes
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
definition: (Elucidation) precedes is a relation between occurrents o, o' such that if t is the temporal extent of o & t' is the temporal extent of o' then either the last instant of o is before the first instant of o' or the last instant of o is the first instant of o' & neither o nor o' are temporal instants
example: The temporal region occupied by Mary's birth precedes the temporal region occupied by Mary's death.
scope note: Each temporal region is its own temporal extent. The temporal extent of a spatiotemporal region is the temporal region it temporally projects onto. The temporal extent of a process or process boundary that occupies temporal region t is t.
scope note: Precedes defines a strict partial order on occurrents.

occurs in
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: environs
domain: Class
  union of: process
  union of: process boundary
range: Class
  union of: site
  union of: material entity
definition: b occurs in c =Def b is a process or a process boundary & c is a material entity or site & there exists a spatiotemporal region r & b occupies spatiotemporal region r & for all time t, if b exists at t then c exists at t & there exist spatial regions s and s' where b spatially projects onto s at t & c occupies spatial region s' at t & s is a continuant part of s' at t
example: A process of digestion occurs in the interior of an organism; a process of loading artillery rounds into a tank cannon occurs in the interior of the tank

generically depends on
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is carrier of
domain: generically dependent continuant
range: Class
  intersection of: independent continuant
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: spatial region
alternative label: g-depends on
definition: b generically depends on c =Def b is a generically dependent continuant & c is an independent continuant that is not a spatial region & at some time t there inheres in c a specifically dependent continuant which concretizes b at t
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

is carrier of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Class
  intersection of: independent continuant
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: spatial region
range: generically dependent continuant
definition: b is carrier of c =Def there is some time t such that c generically depends on b at t
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

exists at
type: ObjectProperty
domain: entity
range: temporal region
definition: (Elucidation) exists at is a relation between a particular and some temporal region at which the particular exists
example: First World War exists at 1914-1916; Mexico exists at January 1, 2000

has member part
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has continuant part
inverse of: member part of
domain: material entity
range: material entity
definition: b has member part c =Def c member part of b
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

has occurrent part
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: occurrent part of
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
definition: b has occurrent part c =Def c occurrent part of b
example: Mary's life has occurrent part Mary's 5th birthday

has temporal part
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has occurrent part
inverse of: temporal part of
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
definition: b has temporal part c =Def c temporal part of b
example: Your life has temporal part the first year of your life

location of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: located in
domain: Class
  intersection of: independent continuant
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: spatial region
range: Class
  intersection of: independent continuant
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: spatial region
definition: b location of c =Def c located in b
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

material basis of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: has material basis
domain: material entity
range: disposition
definition: b material basis of c =Def c has material basis b
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

member part of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: continuant part of
domain: material entity
range: material entity
definition: b member part of c =Def b is an object & c is a material entity & there is some time t such that b continuant part of c at t & there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of c into objects x1, ..., xn (for some n ≠ 1) with b = xi (for some 1 <= i <= n)
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

occurrent part of
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
definition: (Elucidation) occurrent part of is a relation between occurrents b and c when b is part of c
example: Mary's 5th birthday is an occurrent part of Mary's life; the first set of the tennis match is an occurrent part of the tennis match

temporal part of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: occurrent part of
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
definition: b temporal part of c =Def b occurrent part of c & (b and c are temporal regions) or (b and c are spatiotemporal regions & b temporally projects onto an occurrent part of the temporal region that c temporally projects onto) or (b and c are processes or process boundaries & b occupies a temporal region that is an occurrent part of the temporal region that c occupies)
example: Your heart beating from 4pm to 5pm today is a temporal part of the process of your heart beating; the 4th year of your life is a temporal part of your life, as is the process boundary which separates the 3rd and 4th years of your life; the first quarter of a game of football is a temporal part of the whole game

temporally projects onto
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: spatiotemporal region
range: temporal region
definition: (Elucidation) temporally projects onto is a relation between a spatiotemporal region s and some temporal region which is the temporal extent of s
example: The world line of a particle temporally projects onto the temporal region extending from the beginning to the end of the existence of the particle

located in
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Class
  intersection of: independent continuant
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: spatial region
range: Class
  intersection of: independent continuant
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: spatial region
definition: b located in c =Def b is an independent continuant & c is an independent & neither is a spatial region & there is some time t such that the spatial region which b occupies at t is continuant part of the spatial region which c occupies at t
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

continuant part of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: has continuant part
domain: continuant
range: continuant
definition: b continuant part of c =Def b and c are continuants & there is some time t such that b and c exist at t & b continuant part of c at t
example: Milk teeth continuant part of human; surgically removed tumour continuant part of organism
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

has continuant part
type: ObjectProperty
domain: continuant
range: continuant
definition: b has continuant part c =Def c continuant part of b
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

environs
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Class
  union of: site
  union of: material entity
range: Class
  union of: process
  union of: process boundary
alternative label: contains process
definition: b environs c =Def c occurs in b
example: Mouth environs process of mastication; city environs traffic

history of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: has history
type: FunctionalProperty
type: InverseFunctionalProperty
domain: history
range: material entity
definition: (Elucidation) history of is a relation between history b and material entity c such that b is the unique history of c
example: This life is the history of this organism

has history
type: ObjectProperty
domain: material entity
range: history
definition: b has history c =Def c history of b
example: This organism has history this life

specifically depended on by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: specifically depends on
domain: Class
  union of: specifically dependent continuant
  union of: Class
    intersection of: independent continuant
    intersection of: Class
      complement of: spatial region
range: specifically dependent continuant
alternative label: s-depended on by
definition: b specifically depended on by c =Def c specifically depends on b
example: Coloured object specifically depended on by colour

specifically depends on
type: ObjectProperty
domain: specifically dependent continuant
range: Class
  union of: specifically dependent continuant
  union of: Class
    intersection of: independent continuant
    intersection of: Class
      complement of: spatial region
alternative label: s-depends on
definition: (Elucidation) specifically depends on is a relation between a specifically dependent continuant b and specifically dependent continuant or independent continuant that is not a spatial region c such that b and c share no parts in common & b is of a nature such that at all times t it cannot exist unless c exists & b is not a boundary of c
example: A shape specifically depends on the shaped object; hue, saturation and brightness of a colour sample specifically depends on each other
scope note: The analogue of specifically depends on for occurrents is has participant.

bearer of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: specifically depended on by
inverse of: inheres in
domain: Class
  intersection of: independent continuant
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: spatial region
range: specifically dependent continuant
definition: b bearer of c =Def c inheres in b
example: A patch of ink is the bearer of a colour quality; an organism is the bearer of a temperature quality

inheres in
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: specifically depends on
domain: specifically dependent continuant
range: Class
  intersection of: independent continuant
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: spatial region
definition: b inheres in c =Def b is a specifically dependent continuant & c is an independent continuant that is not a spatial region & b specifically depends on c
example: A shape inheres in a shaped object; a mass inheres in a material entity

occupies temporal region
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is temporal region of
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Class
  union of: process
  union of: process boundary
range: temporal region
definition: p occupies temporal region t =Def p is a process or process boundary & the spatiotemporal region occupied by p temporally projects onto t
example: The Second World War occupies the temporal region September 1, 1939 - September 2, 1945

occupies spatiotemporal region
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Class
  union of: process
  union of: process boundary
range: spatiotemporal region
definition: (Elucidation) occupies spatiotemporal region is a relation between a process or process boundary p and the spatiotemporal region s which is its spatiotemporal extent
example: A particle emitted by a nuclear reactor occupies the spatiotemporal region which is its trajectory

occupies spatial region
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Class
  intersection of: independent continuant
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: spatial region
range: spatial region
definition: b occupies spatial region r =Def b is an independent continuant that is not a spatial region & r is a spatial region & there is some time t such that every continuant part of b occupies some continuant part of r at t and no continuant part of b occupies any spatial region that is not a continuant part of r at t
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

spatially projects onto
type: ObjectProperty
domain: spatiotemporal region
range: spatial region
definition: (Elucidation) spatially projects onto is a relation between some spatiotemporal region b and spatial region c such that at some time t, c is the spatial extent of b at t
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

has material basis
type: ObjectProperty
domain: disposition
range: material entity
definition: b has material basis c =Def b is a disposition & c is a material entity & there is some d bearer of b & there is some time t such that c is a continuant part of d at t & d has disposition b because c is a continuant part of d at t
scope note: Users that require more sophisticated representations of time are encouraged to import a temporal extension of BFO-Core provided by the BFO development team. See documentation for guidance: <Link>

first instant of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: has first instant
domain: temporal instant
range: temporal region
definition: t first instant of t' =Def t is a temporal instant & t' is a temporal region t' & t precedes all temporal parts of t' other than t
example: An hour starting at midnight yesterday has first instant midnight yesterday

has first instant
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: temporal region
range: temporal instant
definition: t has first instant t' =Def t' first instant of t
example: The first hour of a year has first instant midnight on December 31

last instant of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: has last instant
domain: temporal instant
range: temporal region
definition: t last instant of t' =Def t is a temporal instant & t' is a temporal region & all temporal parts of t' other than t precede t
example: Last midnight is the last instant of yesterday

has last instant
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: temporal region
range: temporal instant
definition: t has last instant t' =Def t' last instant of t
example: The last hour of a year has last instant midnight December 31

is successor of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is predecessor of
domain: independent continuant
range: independent continuant
definition: A continuant c2 is a successor of some continuant c1 iff there is some process p1 and c1 is an input to p1 and c2 is an output of p1. Inverse of is predecessor.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

has process part
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has occurrent part
inverse of: is part of process
domain: process
range: process
definition: x has_process_part y iff x and y are instances of Process, such that y occurs during the temporal interval of x, and y either provides an input to x or receives an output of x, or both.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

has object
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
inverse of: is object of
definition: If p is a process and c is a continuant, then p has object c if and only if p is performed by an agent and c is part of the projected state that agent intends to achieve by performing p.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

has all members located in
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has some member located in
domain: object aggregate
range: Class
  intersection of: independent continuant
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: spatial region
definition: x has all members located in y iff x is an instance of Object Aggregate and y is an instance of independent continuant but not a spatial region, and every member of x is located in y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

role of aggregate
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: inheres in aggregate
domain: role
range: object aggregate
definition: x role_of_aggregate y iff y is an instance of Object Aggregate and x is an instance of Role, and x inheres_in_aggregate y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is cause of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: caused by
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
definition: x is_cause_of y iff x and y are instances of Occurrent, and y is a consequence of x.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is disrupted by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: disrupts
domain: process
range: process
created: 2022-12-30T21:32:27-05:00
creator: https://cubrc.org
definition: Inverse of disrupts.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

inheres in aggregate
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: aggregate bearer of
domain: Class
  union of: specifically dependent continuant
  union of: generically dependent continuant
range: object aggregate
definition: x inheres_in_aggregate y iff x is an instance of Specifically Dependent Continuant and y is an instance of Object Aggregate and z is an instance of Object, such that z bearer_of x, and all other members of y are bearers of a unique instance of the same type as x.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is output of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: participates in
inverse of: has output
domain: continuant
range: process
definition: x is_output_of y iff x is an instance of Continuant and y is an instance of Process, such that the presence of x at the end of y is a necessary condition for the completion of y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

caused by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
definition: x caused_by y iff x and y are instances of Occurrent, and x is a consequence of y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

disposition of aggregate
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: inheres in aggregate
inverse of: aggregate has disposition
domain: disposition
range: object aggregate
definition: x disposition_of_aggregate y iff y is an instance of Object Aggregate and x is an instance of Disposition, and x inheres_in_aggregate y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

has accomplice
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
inverse of: accomplice in
domain: process
range: material entity
definition: A Processual Entity p1 has_accomplice some agent a1 iff a1 assists in the commission of p1, is located at the location of p1, but is not agent_in p1.
definition source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

has some member located in
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: object aggregate
range: Class
  intersection of: independent continuant
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: spatial region
definition: x has some member located in y iff x is an instance of Object Aggregate and y is an instance of independent continuant but not a spatial region, and at least one member of x is located in y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

affects
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
inverse of: is affected by
domain: process
range: continuant
definition: x affects y iff x is an instance of Process and y is an instance of Continuant, and x influences y in some manner, most often by producing a change in y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

aggregate bearer of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: object aggregate
range: Class
  union of: specifically dependent continuant
  union of: generically dependent continuant
definition: x aggregate_bearer_of y iff x is an instance of Object Aggregate and y is an instance of Specifically Dependent Continuant and z is an instance of Object, such that z bearer of y, and all other members of x are bearers of a unique instance of the same type as y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is input of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: participates in
inverse of: has input
domain: continuant
range: process
definition: x is_input_of y iff x is an instance of Continuant and y is an instance of Process, such that the presence of x at the beginning of y is a necessary condition for the start of y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is site of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: environs
inverse of: occurs at
domain: site
range: process
definition: x is_site_of y iff x is an instance of Site and y is an instance of Process, such that y occurs in x.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

accessory in
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: participates in
inverse of: has accessory
domain: material entity
range: process
definition: y is_accessory_in x iff x is an instance of Process and y is an instance of Agent, such that y assists another agent in the commission of x, and y was not located at the location of x when x occurred, and y was not an agent_in x.
definition source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accessory_(legal_term)
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is part of process
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: occurrent part of
domain: process
range: process
definition: x is_part_of_process y iff x and y are instances of Process, such that x occurs during the temporal interval of y, and x either provides an input to y or receives an output of y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is material of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is made of
domain: object
range: object
definition: An object m is material of an object o when m is the material of which o consists and that material does not undergo a change of kind during the creation of o
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is temporal region of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: temporal region
range: Class
  union of: process
  union of: process boundary
definition: t is temporal region of p iff p occupies temporal region t.
editorial note: Leaving this is in ERO for now since BFO2020 has no inverse of occupies-temporal-region yet.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is affected by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: participates in
domain: continuant
range: process
definition: x is_affected_by y iff x is an instance of Continuant and y is an instance of Process, and y influences x in some manner, most often by producing a change in x.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

disrupts
type: ObjectProperty
domain: process
range: process
created: 2022-12-30T21:32:27-05:00
creator: https://cubrc.org
definition: A relation where one process disrupts another process from occurring as it would have.
editorial note: To lower the grade of a process is to lower the quality of a process according to some standard, for example when realizing a capability or a function.
scope note: A process can disrupt another process from occurring as it would have by 1) preventing a disposition or role from being realized by that process, 2) lowering the grade of the process, or 3) stopping the process from continuing to occur.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

accomplice in
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: participates in
domain: material entity
range: process
definition: An agent a1 is accomplice_in some Processual Entity p1 iff a1 assists in the commission of p1, is located at the location of p1, but is not agent_in p1.
definition source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

aggregate has role
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: aggregate bearer of
domain: object aggregate
range: role
definition: x aggregate_has_role y iff x is an instance of Object Aggregate and y is an instance of Role, such that x aggregate_bearer_of y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

aggregate has quality
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: aggregate bearer of
domain: object aggregate
range: quality
definition: x aggregate_has_quality y iff x is an instance of Object Aggregate and y is an instance of Quality, such that x aggregate_bearer_of y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

occurs at
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: occurs in
domain: process
range: site
definition: x occurs_at y iff x is an instance of Process and y is an instance of Site, such that x occurs in y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

has input
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
domain: process
range: continuant
definition: y has_input x iff x is an instance of Continuant and y is an instance of Process, such that the presence of x at the beginning of y is a necessary condition for the start of y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is predecessor of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: independent continuant
range: independent continuant
definition: A continuant c1 is a predecessor of some continuant c2 iff there is some process p1 and c1 is an input to p1 and c2 is an output of p1.
scope note: More informally, c1 is a predecessor of c2 iff c1 has been followed or replaced by c2.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

process starts
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: is cause of
inverse of: process started by
definition: x process_starts y iff x and y are instances of processes, and x is_cause_of y, and i is an instance of a temporal instant, and r is an instant of a temporal interval, and y has starting instance i, and x occurs on r, and r interval contains i.
scope note: A process x starts another process y when x causes y while x is still occurring.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is object of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: participates in
definition: If p is a process and c is a continuant, then c is object of p if and only if the c is part of the projected state that the agent intends to achieve by performing p.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

quality of aggregate
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: inheres in aggregate
domain: quality
range: object aggregate
definition: x quality_of_aggregate y iff y is an instance of Object Aggregate and x is an instance of Quality, and x inheres_in_aggregate y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

has accessory
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
domain: process
range: material entity
definition: x has_accessory y iff x is an instance of Process and y is an instance of Agent, such that y assists another agent in the commission of x, and y was not located at the location of x when x occurred, and y was not an agent_in x.
definition source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accessory_(legal_term)
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

aggregate has disposition
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: aggregate bearer of
domain: object aggregate
range: disposition
definition: x aggregate_has_disposition y iff x is an instance of Object Aggregate and y is an instance of Disposition, such that x aggregate_bearer_of y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

inhibits
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: inhibited by
domain: process
range: process
definition: x inhibits y iff x and y are non-identical Processes, d is a Decrease of Realizable Entity, and x is_cause_of d, and r is a Realizable Entity, and d has_participant r, and r realized_in y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

process started by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: caused by
definition: x process_started_by y iff x and y are instances of processes, and x is caused_by y, and i is an instance of a temporal instant, and r is an instant of a temporal interval, and x has starting instance i, and y occurs on r, and r interval contains i.
scope note: A process x is started by another process y when y causes x while y is still occurring.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

inhibited by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: process
range: process
definition: y inhibited_by x iff x and y are non-identical Processes, d is a Decrease of Realizable Entity, and x is_cause_of d, and r is a Realizable Entity, and d has_participant r, and r realized_in y.
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

has output
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
domain: process
range: continuant
definition: y has_output x iff x is an instance of Continuant and y is an instance of Process, such that the presence of x at the end of y is a necessary condition for the completion of y.
definition source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

is made of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: object
range: object
definition: An object o is made of an object m when m is the material that o consists of and that material does not undergo a change of kind during the creation of o
is curated in ontology: https://www.commoncoreontologies.org/ExtendedRelationOntology

entity
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
BFO OWL specification label: entity
BFO CLIF specification label: Entity
example of usage: Julius Caesar
example of usage: Verdi’s Requiem
example of usage: the Second World War
example of usage: your body mass index
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81
editor note: Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf
elucidation: An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])
definition: (Elucidation) An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist
example: Julius Caesar; the Second World War; your body mass index; Verdi's Requiem

Axiom
annotated source: entity
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000004
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith

Axiom
annotated source: entity
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/001-001

continuant
type: Class
subclass of: entity
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: continuant
  on property: continuant part of
disjoint with: occurrent
BFO OWL specification label: continuant
BFO CLIF specification label: Continuant
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240
editor note: Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants
elucidation: A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])
has associated axiom(nl): if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])
has associated axiom(nl): if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])
has associated axiom(nl): if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002]
definition: (Elucidation) A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity
example: A human being; a tennis ball; a cave; a region of space; someone's temperature

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000007

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002

occurrent
type: Class
subclass of: entity
BFO OWL specification label: occurrent
BFO CLIF specification label: Occurrent
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players.
editor note: Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process.
editor note: Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame.
elucidation: An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])
has associated axiom(nl): Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])
has associated axiom(nl): b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001]
definition: (Elucidation) An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the start or end of such an entity or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region
example: As for process, history, process boundary, spatiotemporal region, zero-dimensional temporal region, one-dimensional temporal region, temporal interval, temporal instant.

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000006
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000012

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/077-002

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/108-001

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/079-001

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/108-001

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/079-001

independent continuant
type: Class
subclass of: continuant
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: independent continuant
  on property: continuant part of
disjoint with: specifically dependent continuant
disjoint with: generically dependent continuant
BFO OWL specification label: ic
BFO CLIF specification label: IndependentContinuant
example of usage: a chair
example of usage: a heart
example of usage: a leg
example of usage: a molecule
example of usage: a spatial region
example of usage: an atom
example of usage: an orchestra.
example of usage: an organism
example of usage: the bottom right portion of a human torso
example of usage: the interior of your mouth
definition: b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])
has associated axiom(nl): For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])
has associated axiom(nl): For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002]
definition: b is an independent continuant =Def b is a continuant & there is no c such that b specifically depends on c or b generically depends on c
example: An atom; a molecule; an organism; a heart; a chair; the bottom right portion of a human torso; a leg; the interior of your mouth; a spatial region; an orchestra

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002

spatial region
type: Class
subclass of: immaterial entity
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: spatial region
  on property: continuant part of
disjoint with: site
disjoint with: continuant fiat boundary
BFO OWL specification label: s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: SpatialRegion
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Spatial regions do not participate in processes.
editor note: Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional.
elucidation: A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])
has associated axiom(nl): All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant part of the spatial projection of a portion of spacetime at a given time
example: As for zero-dimensional spatial region, one-dimensional spatial region, two-dimensional spatial region, three-dimensional spatial region

Axiom
annotated source: spatial region
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000002
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith

Axiom
annotated source: spatial region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/035-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/036-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/036-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/035-001

temporal region
type: Class
subclass of: occurrent
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: temporal region
  on property: occurrent part of
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: temporal region
  on property: temporal part of
disjoint with: spatiotemporal region
disjoint with: process
disjoint with: process boundary
BFO OWL specification label: t-region
BFO CLIF specification label: TemporalRegion
editor note: Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional
elucidation: A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])
has associated axiom(nl): All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A temporal region is an occurrent over which processes can unfold
example: As for zero-dimensional temporal region and one-dimensional temporal region

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000003
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/100-001

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/101-001

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/119-002

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/119-002

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/101-001

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/100-001

two-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
subclass of: spatial region
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
    union of: two-dimensional spatial region
    union of: zero-dimensional spatial region
    union of: one-dimensional spatial region
  on property: has continuant part
disjoint with: three-dimensional spatial region
BFO OWL specification label: 2d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion
example of usage: an infinitely thin plane in space.
example of usage: the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space
elucidation: A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is a whole consisting of a surface together with zero or more surfaces which may have spatial regions of lower dimension as parts
example: The surface of a sphere-shaped part of space; an infinitely thin plane in space

Axiom
annotated source: two-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/039-001

Axiom
annotated source: two-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/039-001

spatiotemporal region
type: Class
subclass of: occurrent
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: spatiotemporal region
  on property: occurrent part of
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: spatiotemporal region
  on property: temporal part of
BFO OWL specification label: st-region
BFO CLIF specification label: SpatiotemporalRegion
example of usage: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life
example of usage: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process of cellular meiosis.
example of usage: the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor
elucidation: A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])
has associated axiom(nl): All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Every spatiotemporal region occupies_spatiotemporal_region itself.
has associated axiom(nl): Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent that is an occurrent part of spacetime
example: The spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumour; the spatiotemporal region occupied by an orbiting satellite
scope note: 'Spacetime' here refers to the maximal instance of the universal spatiotemporal region.

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/095-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/096-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/099-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/098-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/107-002

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/107-002

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/099-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/096-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/095-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/098-001

process
type: Class
subclass of: occurrent
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
    union of: process
    union of: process boundary
  on property: has occurrent part
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: process
  on property: occurrent part of
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: process
  on property: temporal part of
BFO OWL specification label: process
BFO CLIF specification label: Process
example of usage: a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart
example of usage: a process of meiosis
example of usage: a process of sleeping
example of usage: the course of a disease
example of usage: the flight of a bird
example of usage: the life of an organism
example of usage: your process of aging.
definition: p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war)
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003]
alternative label: event
definition: (Elucidation) p is a process means p is an occurrent that has some temporal proper part and for some time t, p has some material entity as participant
example: An act of selling; the life of an organism; a process of sleeping; a process of cell-division; a beating of the heart; a process of meiosis; the taxiing of an aircraft; the programming of a computer

Axiom
annotated source: process
annotated property: definition
annotated target: p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/083-003

Axiom
annotated source: process
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/083-003

disposition
type: Class
subclass of: realizable entity
disjoint with: role
BFO OWL specification label: disposition
BFO CLIF specification label: Disposition
example of usage: an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y
example of usage: certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer
example of usage: children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways.
example of usage: the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type.
elucidation: b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])
has associated axiom(nl): If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002]
alternative label: internally-grounded realizable entity
definition: (Elucidation) A disposition b is a realizable entity such that if b ceases to exist then its bearer is physically changed & b's realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer's physical make-up
example: An atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y; the cell wall is disposed to transport cellular material through endocytosis and exocytosis; certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer; children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways

Axiom
annotated source: disposition
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002

Axiom
annotated source: disposition
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002

Axiom
annotated source: disposition
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002

Axiom
annotated source: disposition
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002

realizable entity
type: Class
subclass of: specifically dependent continuant
disjoint with: quality
BFO OWL specification label: realizable
BFO CLIF specification label: RealizableEntity
example of usage: the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity.
example of usage: the disposition of your blood to coagulate
example of usage: the function of your reproductive organs
example of usage: the role of being a doctor
example of usage: the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet
elucidation: To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])
has associated axiom(nl): All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002]
definition: (Elucidation) A realizable entity is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region & which is of a type some instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type
example: The role of being a doctor; the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet; the function of your reproductive organs; the disposition of your blood to coagulate; the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity

Axiom
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002

Axiom
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002

Axiom
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002

Axiom
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002

zero-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
subclass of: spatial region
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: zero-dimensional spatial region
  on property: has continuant part
disjoint with: three-dimensional spatial region
BFO OWL specification label: 0d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion
elucidation: A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A zero-dimensional spatial region is one or a collection of more than one spatially disjoint points in space
example: The spatial region occupied at some time instant by the North Pole

Axiom
annotated source: zero-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/037-001

Axiom
annotated source: zero-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/037-001

quality
type: Class
subclass of: specifically dependent continuant
BFO OWL specification label: quality
BFO CLIF specification label: Quality
example of usage: the ambient temperature of this portion of air
example of usage: the color of a tomato
example of usage: the length of the circumference of your waist
example of usage: the mass of this piece of gold.
example of usage: the shape of your nose
example of usage: the shape of your nostril
elucidation: a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])
has associated axiom(nl): If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized
example: The colour of a tomato; the ambient temperature of this portion of air; the length of the circumference of your waist; the shape of your nose; the shape of your nostril; the mass of this piece of gold

Axiom
annotated source: quality
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001

Axiom
annotated source: quality
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001

Axiom
annotated source: quality
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001

Axiom
annotated source: quality
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001

specifically dependent continuant
type: Class
subclass of: continuant
disjoint with: generically dependent continuant
BFO OWL specification label: sdc
BFO CLIF specification label: SpecificallyDependentContinuant
example of usage: Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key
example of usage: of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato
example of usage: of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates.
example of usage: the disposition of this fish to decay
example of usage: the function of this heart: to pump blood
example of usage: the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79
example of usage: the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction
example of usage: the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center
example of usage: the role of being a doctor
example of usage: the shape of this hole.
example of usage: the smell of this portion of mozzarella
definition: b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])
editor note: Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc.
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003]
definition: b is a specifically dependent continuant =Def b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region & which is such that b specifically depends on c
example: (with multiple bearers) John's love for Mary; the ownership relation between John and this statue; the relation of authority between John and his subordinates
example: (with one bearer) The mass of this tomato; the pink colour of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its centre; the smell of this portion of mozzarella; the disposition of this fish to decay; the role of being a doctor; the function of this heart to pump blood; the shape of this hole

Axiom
annotated source: specifically dependent continuant
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003

Axiom
annotated source: specifically dependent continuant
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000005
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith

Axiom
annotated source: specifically dependent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003

role
type: Class
subclass of: realizable entity
BFO OWL specification label: role
BFO CLIF specification label: Role
example of usage: John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
example of usage: the priest role
example of usage: the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories
example of usage: the role of a building in serving as a military target
example of usage: the role of a stone in marking a property boundary
example of usage: the role of subject in a clinical trial
example of usage: the student role
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives.
elucidation: b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001]
alternative label: externally-grounded realizable entity
definition: (Elucidation) A role b is a realizable entity such that b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be & b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed
example: The priest role; the student role; the role of subject in a clinical trial; the role of a stone in marking a property boundary; the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighbouring administrative territories; the role of a building in serving as a military target

Axiom
annotated source: role
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001

Axiom
annotated source: role
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001

fiat object part
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
BFO OWL specification label: fiat-object-part
BFO CLIF specification label: FiatObjectPart
example of usage: or with divisions drawn by cognitive subjects for practical reasons, such as the division of a cake (before slicing) into (what will become) slices (and thus member parts of an object aggregate). However, this does not mean that fiat object parts are dependent for their existence on divisions or delineations effected by cognitive subjects. If, for example, it is correct to conceive geological layers of the Earth as fiat object parts of the Earth, then even though these layers were first delineated in recent times, still existed long before such delineation and what holds of these layers (for example that the oldest layers are also the lowest layers) did not begin to hold because of our acts of delineation.Treatment of material entity in BFOExamples viewed by some as problematic cases for the trichotomy of fiat object part, object, and object aggregate include: a mussel on (and attached to) a rock, a slime mold, a pizza, a cloud, a galaxy, a railway train with engine and multiple carriages, a clonal stand of quaking aspen, a bacterial community (biofilm), a broken femur. Note that, as Aristotle already clearly recognized, such problematic cases – which lie at or near the penumbra of instances defined by the categories in question – need not invalidate these categories. The existence of grey objects does not prove that there are not objects which are black and objects which are white; the existence of mules does not prove that there are not objects which are donkeys and objects which are horses. It does, however, show that the examples in question need to be addressed carefully in order to show how they can be fitted into the proposed scheme, for example by recognizing additional subdivisions [29
example of usage: the FMA:regional parts of an intact human body.
example of usage: the Western hemisphere of the Earth
example of usage: the division of the brain into regions
example of usage: the division of the planet into hemispheres
example of usage: the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body
example of usage: the upper and lower lobes of the left lung
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Most examples of fiat object parts are associated with theoretically drawn divisions
elucidation: b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004]
definition: (Elucidation) A fiat object part b is a material entity & such that if b exists then it is continuant part of some object c & demarcated from the remainder of c by one or more fiat surfaces
example: The upper and lower lobes of the left lung; the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body; the Western hemisphere of the Earth; the FMA:regional parts of an intact human body

Axiom
annotated source: fiat object part
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/027-004

Axiom
annotated source: fiat object part
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/027-004

one-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
subclass of: spatial region
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
    union of: zero-dimensional spatial region
    union of: one-dimensional spatial region
  on property: has continuant part
disjoint with: three-dimensional spatial region
BFO OWL specification label: 1d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: OneDimensionalSpatialRegion
example of usage: an edge of a cube-shaped portion of space.
elucidation: A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A one-dimensional spatial region is a whole consisting of a line together with zero or more lines which may have points as parts
example: An edge of a cube-shaped portion of space; a line connecting two points; two parallel lines extended in space

Axiom
annotated source: one-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/038-001

Axiom
annotated source: one-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/038-001

object aggregate
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
BFO OWL specification label: object-aggregate
BFO CLIF specification label: ObjectAggregate
example of usage: a collection of cells in a blood biobank.
example of usage: a swarm of bees is an aggregate of members who are linked together through natural bonds
example of usage: a symphony orchestra
example of usage: an organization is an aggregate whose member parts have roles of specific types (for example in a jazz band, a chess club, a football team)
example of usage: defined by fiat: the aggregate of members of an organization
example of usage: defined through physical attachment: the aggregate of atoms in a lump of granite
example of usage: defined through physical containment: the aggregate of molecules of carbon dioxide in a sealed container
example of usage: defined via attributive delimitations such as: the patients in this hospital
example of usage: the aggregate of bearings in a constant velocity axle joint
example of usage: the aggregate of blood cells in your body
example of usage: the nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere
example of usage: the restaurants in Palo Alto
example of usage: your collection of Meissen ceramic plates.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: object aggregates may gain and lose parts while remaining numerically identical (one and the same individual) over time. This holds both for aggregates whose membership is determined naturally (the aggregate of cells in your body) and aggregates determined by fiat (a baseball team, a congressional committee).
editor note: An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects
definition source: ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158.
elucidation: b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004]
definition: (Elucidation) An object aggregate is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality (≥1) of objects as member parts which together form a unit
example: The aggregate of the musicians in a symphony orchestra and their instruments; the aggregate of bearings in a constant velocity axle joint; the nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere; a collection of cells in a blood biobank
scope note: 'Exactly' means that there are no parts of the object aggregate other than its member parts.
scope note: The unit can, at certain times, consist of exactly one object, for example, when a wolf litter loses all but one of its pups, but it must at some time have a plurality of member parts.

Axiom
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000011

Axiom
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000301

Axiom
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated property: definition source
annotated target: ISBN:978-3-938793-98-5pp124-158#Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith, 'A Theory of Granular Partitions', in K. Munn and B. Smith (eds.), Applied Ontology: An Introduction, Frankfurt/Lancaster: ontos, 2008, 125-158.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000300

Axiom
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/025-004

Axiom
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/025-004

three-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
subclass of: spatial region
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: spatial region
  on property: has continuant part
BFO OWL specification label: 3d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion
example of usage: a cube-shaped region of space
example of usage: a sphere-shaped region of space,
elucidation: A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A three-dimensional spatial region is a whole consisting of a spatial volume together with zero or more spatial volumes which may have spatial regions of lower dimension as parts
example: A cube-shaped region of space; a sphere-shaped region of space; the region of space occupied by all and only the planets in the solar system at some point in time

Axiom
annotated source: three-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/040-001

Axiom
annotated source: three-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/040-001

site
type: Class
subclass of: immaterial entity
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
    union of: site
    union of: material entity
  on property: continuant part of
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
    union of: site
    union of: continuant fiat boundary
  on property: has continuant part
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: three-dimensional spatial region
  on property: occupies spatial region
BFO OWL specification label: site
BFO CLIF specification label: Site
example of usage: Manhattan Canyon)
example of usage: a hole in the interior of a portion of cheese
example of usage: a rabbit hole
example of usage: an air traffic control region defined in the airspace above an airport
example of usage: the Grand Canyon
example of usage: the Piazza San Marco
example of usage: the cockpit of an aircraft
example of usage: the hold of a ship
example of usage: the interior of a kangaroo pouch
example of usage: the interior of the trunk of your car
example of usage: the interior of your bedroom
example of usage: the interior of your office
example of usage: the interior of your refrigerator
example of usage: the lumen of your gut
example of usage: your left nostril (a fiat part – the opening – of your left nasal cavity)
elucidation: b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002]
definition: (Elucidation) A site is a three-dimensional immaterial entity whose boundaries either (partially or wholly) coincide with the boundaries of one or more material entities or have locations determined in relation to some material entity
example: A hole in a portion of cheese; a rabbit hole; the Grand Canyon; the Piazza San Marco; the kangaroo-joey-containing hole of a kangaroo pouch; your left nostril (a fiat part - the opening - of your left nasal cavity); the lumen of your gut; the hold of a ship; the interior of the trunk of your car; hole in an engineered floor joist

Axiom
annotated source: site
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/034-002

Axiom
annotated source: site
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/034-002

object
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
BFO OWL specification label: object
BFO CLIF specification label: Object
example of usage: atom
example of usage: cell
example of usage: cells and organisms
example of usage: engineered artifacts
example of usage: grain of sand
example of usage: molecule
example of usage: organelle
example of usage: organism
example of usage: planet
example of usage: solid portions of matter
example of usage: star
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: BFO rests on the presupposition that at multiple micro-, meso- and macroscopic scales reality exhibits certain stable, spatially separated or separable material units, combined or combinable into aggregates of various sorts (for example organisms into what are called ‘populations’). Such units play a central role in almost all domains of natural science from particle physics to cosmology. Many scientific laws govern the units in question, employing general terms (such as ‘molecule’ or ‘planet’) referring to the types and subtypes of units, and also to the types and subtypes of the processes through which such units develop and interact. The division of reality into such natural units is at the heart of biological science, as also is the fact that these units may form higher-level units (as cells form multicellular organisms) and that they may also form aggregates of units, for example as cells form portions of tissue and organs form families, herds, breeds, species, and so on. At the same time, the division of certain portions of reality into engineered units (manufactured artifacts) is the basis of modern industrial technology, which rests on the distributed mass production of engineered parts through division of labor and on their assembly into larger, compound units such as cars and laptops. The division of portions of reality into units is one starting point for the phenomenon of counting.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Each object is such that there are entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its interior, and other entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its exterior. This may not be so for entities lying at or near the boundary between the interior and exterior. This means that two objects – for example the two cells depicted in Figure 3 – may be such that there are material entities crossing their boundaries which belong determinately to neither cell. Something similar obtains in certain cases of conjoined twins (see below).
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: To say that b is causally unified means: b is a material entity which is such that its material parts are tied together in such a way that, in environments typical for entities of the type in question,if c, a continuant part of b that is in the interior of b at t, is larger than a certain threshold size (which will be determined differently from case to case, depending on factors such as porosity of external cover) and is moved in space to be at t at a location on the exterior of the spatial region that had been occupied by b at t, then either b’s other parts will be moved in coordinated fashion or b will be damaged (be affected, for example, by breakage or tearing) in the interval between t and t.causal changes in one part of b can have consequences for other parts of b without the mediation of any entity that lies on the exterior of b. Material entities with no proper material parts would satisfy these conditions trivially. Candidate examples of types of causal unity for material entities of more complex sorts are as follows (this is not intended to be an exhaustive list):CU1: Causal unity via physical coveringHere the parts in the interior of the unified entity are combined together causally through a common membrane or other physical covering\. The latter points outwards toward and may serve a protective function in relation to what lies on the exterior of the entity [13, 47
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: an object is a maximal causally unified material entity
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: ‘objects’ are sometimes referred to as ‘grains’ [74
elucidation: b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])
definition: (Elucidation) An object is a material entity which manifests causal unity & is of a type instances of which are maximal relative to the sort of causal unity manifested
example: An organism; a fish tank; a planet; a laptop; a valve; a block of marble; an ice cube
scope note: A description of three primary sorts of causal unity is provided in Basic Formal Ontology 2.0. Specification and User Guide

Axiom
annotated source: object
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/024-001

generically dependent continuant
type: Class
subclass of: continuant
BFO OWL specification label: gdc
BFO CLIF specification label: GenericallyDependentContinuant
example of usage: The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity.
example of usage: the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop
example of usage: the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule.
definition: b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001]
alternative label: g-dependent continuant
definition: (Elucidation) A generically dependent continuant is an entity that exists in virtue of the fact that there is at least one of what may be multiple copies which is the content or the pattern that multiple copies would share
example: The pdf file on your laptop; the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop; the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule; the content that is shared by a string of dots and dashes written on a page and the transmitted Morse code signal; the content of a sentence; an engineering blueprint

Axiom
annotated source: generically dependent continuant
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001

Axiom
annotated source: generically dependent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001

function
type: Class
subclass of: disposition
BFO OWL specification label: function
BFO CLIF specification label: Function
example of usage: the function of a hammer to drive in nails
example of usage: the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity
example of usage: the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc.
elucidation: A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of its bearer's physical make-up & this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artefacts) in order to realize processes of a certain sort
example: The function of a hammer to drive in nails; the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity

Axiom
annotated source: function
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001

Axiom
annotated source: function
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001

process boundary
type: Class
subclass of: occurrent
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: process boundary
  on property: has occurrent part
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: process boundary
  on property: has temporal part
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
    union of: process
    union of: process boundary
  on property: occurrent part of
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
    union of: process
    union of: process boundary
  on property: temporal part of
BFO OWL specification label: p-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: ProcessBoundary
example of usage: the boundary between the 2nd and 3rd year of your life.
definition: p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001]
definition: p is a process boundary =Def p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts
example: The boundary between the 2nd and 3rd year of your life

Axiom
annotated source: process boundary
annotated property: definition
annotated target: p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/084-001

Axiom
annotated source: process boundary
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/085-002

Axiom
annotated source: process boundary
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/085-002

Axiom
annotated source: process boundary
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/084-001

one-dimensional temporal region
type: Class
subclass of: temporal region
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
    union of: one-dimensional temporal region
    union of: zero-dimensional temporal region
  on property: has temporal part
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: one-dimensional temporal region
  on property: temporal part of
disjoint with: zero-dimensional temporal region
BFO OWL specification label: 1d-t-region
BFO CLIF specification label: OneDimensionalTemporalRegion
example of usage: the temporal region during which a process occurs.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: A temporal interval is a special kind of one-dimensional temporal region, namely one that is self-connected (is without gaps or breaks).
elucidation: A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is a whole that has a temporal interval and zero or more temporal intervals and temporal instants as parts
example: The temporal region during which a process occurs

Axiom
annotated source: one-dimensional temporal region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/103-001

Axiom
annotated source: one-dimensional temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/103-001

material entity
type: Class
subclass of: independent continuant
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: material entity
  on property: continuant part of
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
    union of: site
    union of: material entity
    union of: continuant fiat boundary
  on property: has continuant part
disjoint with: immaterial entity
BFO OWL specification label: material
BFO CLIF specification label: MaterialEntity
example of usage: a flame
example of usage: a forest fire
example of usage: a human being
example of usage: a hurricane
example of usage: a photon
example of usage: a puff of smoke
example of usage: a sea wave
example of usage: a tornado
example of usage: an aggregate of human beings.
example of usage: an energy wave
example of usage: an epidemic
example of usage: the undetached arm of a human being
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here.
elucidation: A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])
has associated axiom(nl): Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])
has associated axiom(nl): every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002]
definition: (Elucidation) A material entity is an independent continuant has some portion of matter as continuant part
example: A human being; the undetached arm of a human being; an aggregate of human beings

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/019-002

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/020-002

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/021-002

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/019-002

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/021-002

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/020-002

continuant fiat boundary
type: Class
subclass of: immaterial entity
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: continuant fiat boundary
  on property: location of
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: continuant fiat boundary
  on property: has continuant part
BFO OWL specification label: cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: ContinuantFiatBoundary
definition: b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: In BFO 1.1 the assumption was made that the external surface of a material entity such as a cell could be treated as if it were a boundary in the mathematical sense. The new document propounds the view that when we talk about external surfaces of material objects in this way then we are talking about something fiat. To be dealt with in a future version: fiat boundaries at different levels of granularity.More generally, the focus in discussion of boundaries in BFO 2.0 is now on fiat boundaries, which means: boundaries for which there is no assumption that they coincide with physical discontinuities. The ontology of boundaries becomes more closely allied with the ontology of regions.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: a continuant fiat boundary is a boundary of some material entity (for example: the plane separating the Northern and Southern hemispheres; the North Pole), or it is a boundary of some immaterial entity (for example of some portion of airspace). Three basic kinds of continuant fiat boundary can be distinguished (together with various combination kinds [29
editor note: Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions.
has associated axiom(nl): Every continuant fiat boundary is located at some spatial region at every time at which it exists
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A continuant fiat boundary b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions & such that there is no time t when b has a spatial region as continuant part & whose location is determined in relation to some material entity
example: As for fiat point, fiat line, fiat surface

Axiom
annotated source: continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/029-001

Axiom
annotated source: continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000008

Axiom
annotated source: continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/029-001

immaterial entity
type: Class
subclass of: independent continuant
BFO OWL specification label: immaterial
BFO CLIF specification label: ImmaterialEntity
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10
definition: b is an immaterial entity =Def b is an independent continuant which is such that there is no time t when it has a material entity as continuant part
example: As for fiat point, fiat line, fiat surface, site

fiat line
type: Class
subclass of: continuant fiat boundary
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: Class
    union of: fiat line
    union of: fiat point
  on property: has continuant part
disjoint with: fiat surface
disjoint with: fiat point
BFO OWL specification label: 1d-cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
example of usage: The Equator
example of usage: all geopolitical boundaries
example of usage: all lines of latitude and longitude
example of usage: the line separating the outer surface of the mucosa of the lower lip from the outer surface of the skin of the chin.
example of usage: the median sulcus of your tongue
elucidation: a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001]
label: one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
definition: (Elucidation) A fiat line is a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary that is continuous
example: The Equator; all geopolitical boundaries; all lines of latitude and longitude; the median sulcus of your tongue; the line separating the outer surface of the mucosa of the lower lip from the outer surface of the skin of the chin

Axiom
annotated source: fiat line
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/032-001

Axiom
annotated source: fiat line
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/032-001

process profile
type: Class
subclass of: process
disjoint with: history
BFO OWL specification label: process-profile
BFO CLIF specification label: ProcessProfile
example of usage: On a somewhat higher level of complexity are what we shall call rate process profiles, which are the targets of selective abstraction focused not on determinate quality magnitudes plotted over time, but rather on certain ratios between these magnitudes and elapsed times. A speed process profile, for example, is represented by a graph plotting against time the ratio of distance covered per unit of time. Since rates may change, and since such changes, too, may have rates of change, we have to deal here with a hierarchy of process profile universals at successive levels
example of usage: One important sub-family of rate process profiles is illustrated by the beat or frequency profiles of cyclical processes, illustrated by the 60 beats per minute beating process of John’s heart, or the 120 beats per minute drumming process involved in one of John’s performances in a rock band, and so on. Each such process includes what we shall call a beat process profile instance as part, a subtype of rate process profile in which the salient ratio is not distance covered but rather number of beat cycles per unit of time. Each beat process profile instance instantiates the determinable universal beat process profile. But it also instantiates multiple more specialized universals at lower levels of generality, selected from rate process profilebeat process profileregular beat process profile3 bpm beat process profile4 bpm beat process profileirregular beat process profileincreasing beat process profileand so on.In the case of a regular beat process profile, a rate can be assigned in the simplest possible fashion by dividing the number of cycles by the length of the temporal region occupied by the beating process profile as a whole. Irregular process profiles of this sort, for example as identified in the clinic, or in the readings on an aircraft instrument panel, are often of diagnostic significance.
example of usage: The simplest type of process profiles are what we shall call ‘quality process profiles’, which are the process profiles which serve as the foci of the sort of selective abstraction that is involved when measurements are made of changes in single qualities, as illustrated, for example, by process profiles of mass, temperature, aortic pressure, and so on.
definition: b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])
elucidation: b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005]
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002]

Axiom
annotated source: process profile
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/093-002

Axiom
annotated source: process profile
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/094-005

Axiom
annotated source: process profile
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/094-005

Axiom
annotated source: process profile
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/093-002

relational quality
type: Class
subclass of: quality
BFO OWL specification label: r-quality
BFO CLIF specification label: RelationalQuality
example of usage: John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
example of usage: a marriage bond, an instance of love, an obligation between one person and another.
example of usage: a marriage bond, an instance of requited love, an obligation between one person and another.
definition: b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001]
definition: b is a relational quality =Def b is a quality & there exists c and d such that c and d are not identical & b specifically depends on c & b specifically depends on d
example: A marriage bond; an instance of love; an obligation between one person and another

Axiom
annotated source: relational quality
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/057-001

Axiom
annotated source: relational quality
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/057-001

fiat surface
type: Class
subclass of: continuant fiat boundary
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: continuant fiat boundary
  on property: has continuant part
BFO OWL specification label: 2d-cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
elucidation: a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001]
label: two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
definition: (Elucidation) A fiat surface is a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary that is self-connected
example: The surface of the Earth; the plane separating the smoking from the non-smoking zone in a restaurant

Axiom
annotated source: fiat surface
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/033-001

Axiom
annotated source: fiat surface
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/033-001

fiat point
type: Class
subclass of: continuant fiat boundary
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: fiat point
  on property: has continuant part
BFO OWL specification label: 0d-cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
example of usage: the geographic North Pole
example of usage: the point of origin of some spatial coordinate system.
example of usage: the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet
editor note: zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.
elucidation: a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001]
label: zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
definition: (Elucidation) A fiat point is a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary that consists of a single point
example: The geographic North Pole; the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico and Arizona meet; the point of origin of some spatial coordinate system

Axiom
annotated source: fiat point
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000001
comment: requested by Melanie Courtot

Axiom
annotated source: fiat point
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/031-001

Axiom
annotated source: fiat point
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/031-001

zero-dimensional temporal region
type: Class
subclass of: temporal region
subclass of: Restriction
  all values from: zero-dimensional temporal region
  on property: has temporal part
BFO OWL specification label: 0d-t-region
BFO CLIF specification label: ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion
example of usage: a temporal region that is occupied by a process boundary
example of usage: right now
example of usage: the moment at which a child is born
example of usage: the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident
example of usage: the moment of death.
alternative term: temporal instant.
elucidation: A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001]
definition: (Elucidation) A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is a whole consisting of one or more separated temporal instants as parts
example: A temporal region that is occupied by a process boundary; the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident

Axiom
annotated source: zero-dimensional temporal region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/102-001

Axiom
annotated source: zero-dimensional temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/102-001

history
type: Class
subclass of: process
BFO OWL specification label: history
BFO CLIF specification label: History
elucidation: A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])
definition: (Elucidation) A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by the material part of a material entity
example: The life of an organism from the beginning to the end of its existence

Axiom
annotated source: history
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/138-001

temporal interval
type: Class
subclass of: one-dimensional temporal region
definition: (Elucidation) A temporal interval is a one-dimensional temporal region that is continuous, thus without gaps or breaks
example: The year 2018.
scope note: A one-dimensional temporal region can include as parts not only temporal intervals but also temporal instants separated from other parts by gaps.

temporal instant
type: Class
subclass of: zero-dimensional temporal region
definition: (Elucidation) A temporal instant is a zero-dimensional temporal region that has no proper temporal part
example: The millennium

temperature
type: Class
subclass of: quality
definition: Temperature is a quality representing the driving force for the flow of heat energy and is a measure of the heat content of a material entity.

height
type: Class
subclass of: quality

granularity
type: Class
subclass of: quality

quantity
type: Class
subclass of: quality
definition: A quantity is a quality of a material entity where the magnitude of the quality can be quantified via a quantity value, which means that it can be expressed as a number and a unit.

size
type: Class
subclass of: quantity
definition: Size is a quantity of an entity that quantifies its spatial extend.

width
type: Class
subclass of: quality

loudness
type: Class
subclass of: quality

conductivity
type: Class
subclass of: quality

length
type: Class
subclass of: quality
alternative term: distance

speed
type: Class
subclass of: quality

thermal comfort
type: Class
subclass of: quality

availability of water
type: Class
subclass of: quality

air speed
type: Class
subclass of: speed

registration of cars
type: Class
subclass of: quality

greenhous gas emissions
type: Class
subclass of: emission

emission
type: Class
subclass of: quality

immission
type: Class
subclass of: quality

traffic flow
type: Class
subclass of: quality

person kilometers traveled
type: Class
subclass of: quality

national kilometer traveled
type: Class
subclass of: quality

exhaust emissions
type: Class
subclass of: emission

particle emissions
type: Class
subclass of: emission

availability
type: Class
subclass of: quality

building type
type: Class
subclass of: quality

land use
type: Class
subclass of: quality

pulse
type: Class
subclass of: quality

trip attributes
type: Class
subclass of: quality

size classes
type: Class
subclass of: quality

trip purpose
type: Class
subclass of: quality

attitudes to
type: Class
subclass of: quality
alternative term: Einstellungen zu @de

impact
type: Class
subclass of: quality

toll
type: Class
subclass of: quality
alternative term: Maut @de

Track charges
type: Class
subclass of: quality
alternative term: Trassenentgelte @de

weigthed average cost of capital
type: Class
subclass of: quality

equipment cost
type: Class
subclass of: quality

Officials (?)
type: Class
subclass of: agent
alternative term: Funktionsträger @de

passenger
type: Class
subclass of: agent
definition: A passenger is an agent who travels in a vehicle.

agent
type: Class
subclass of: role
definition: Agent is a role of a person or organisation that directs its activity towards achieving goals.

road user (?)
type: Class
subclass of: agent
definition: Verkehrsteilnehmer (VT) im straßenverkehrsrechtlichen Sinne ist, wer öffentliche Wege, Straßen und Plätze im Rahmen des Gemeingebrauchs benutzt. @de
alternative term: Verkehrsteilnehmer @de
definition source: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verkehrsteilnehmer

Decision Makers
type: Class
subclass of: agent

Transported Good
type: Class
subclass of: role

sound
type: Class
subclass of: realizable entity

transport demand
type: Class
subclass of: realizable entity

noise
type: Class
subclass of: realizable entity
alternative term: Geräusch @de

exessive noise
type: Class
subclass of: noise
alternative term: Lärm @de

demand
type: Class
subclass of: realizable entity
definition: A demand is a realizable entity that is characterised by a person, organisation or object needing it for a specific purpose.

charging demand
type: Class
subclass of: demand

disturbance
type: Class
subclass of: disposition
alternative term: Belästigung @de

OTO_00020049
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity
alternative term: Achslagerbeschleunigungsdaten @de

roadside weather
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity

multispectral image
type: Class
subclass of: image

origin-destination matrix
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity

Fuel logbook
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity
alternative term: Tankbuch @de

image
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity

radar image
type: Class
subclass of: image

ortho photo
type: Class
subclass of: image

demographic data
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity

meterological data
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity
alternative term: weather data

spatial structure data
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity
alternative term: Raumstrukturdaten @de

Axle bearing acceleration data
type: Class
subclass of: generically dependent continuant
alternative term: Analysezertifikate @de
label: analysis certificates

ventilation concept
type: Class
subclass of: generically dependent continuant
alternative term: Belüftungskonzepte @de

DLR Mast without LSA component
type: Class
subclass of: Mast

vehicle
type: Class
subclass of: Means of Transport
definition: A vehicle is a means of transport which is built to transport participants in a journey.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

artificial object
type: Class
subclass of: object
definition: An artificial object is an object that was deliberately manufactured by humans to address a particular purpose.

electric vehicle
type: Class
subclass of: vehicle
definition: An electric vehicle (abbreviated as EV) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric traction motors.

Mast
type: Class
subclass of: transport network component

Small electric vehicle
type: Class
subclass of: electric vehicle

road sign
type: Class
subclass of: Sinage

train
type: Class
subclass of: vehicle
alternative term: Schienenfahrzeug @de

Standmast
type: Class
subclass of: Mast

Tram
type: Class
subclass of: train

Anzeigequerschnitt
type: Class
subclass of: traffic management device

Messquerschnitt
type: Class
subclass of: traffic management device

truck
type: Class
subclass of: road vehicle
definition: A truck is a road vehicle designed to transport freight, carry specialized payloads of perform other utilitarian work.
alternative term: lorry
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

trailer truck
type: Class
subclass of: truck
definition: A trailer truck is a truck that as an additional trailer.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

passenger shelter
type: Class
subclass of: transport network component
alternative term: Fahrgastunterstand @de

Sinage
type: Class
subclass of: transport network component

air vehicle
type: Class
subclass of: vehicle
definition: An air vehicle is a vehicle that is able to fly by gaining support from the air.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

helicopter
type: Class
subclass of: air vehicle
definition: A helicopter is a type of air vehicle in which lift and thrust are supplied by spinning rotors.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

airplane
type: Class
subclass of: air vehicle
definition: An airplane is a fixed wing air vehicle that flies through the air.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

automobile
type: Class
subclass of: road vehicle
definition: An Automobile is a road vehicle with a motor and wheels which drives on roads. They primarily transport passengers.
alternative term: car
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

traffic management device
type: Class
subclass of: Sinage

natural object
type: Class
subclass of: object

tree
type: Class
subclass of: natural object

relaoding mechanism
type: Class
subclass of: artificial object
alternative term: Nachladeeinrichtung @de

Underground
type: Class
subclass of: train

Building
type: Class
subclass of: artificial object

water vehicle
type: Class
subclass of: vehicle
definition: A water vehicle is a vehicle that traveling on or in water.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

road vehicle
type: Class
subclass of: vehicle
definition: A road vehicle is a vehicle that travels on roads.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

motorcycle
type: Class
subclass of: road vehicle
definition: A motorcycle is a two or three-wheeled motor vehicle.
alternative term: bike
alternative term: motorbike
alternative term: trike
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

bicycle
type: Class
subclass of: road vehicle
definition: A bicycle is a human powered pedal driven single track road vehicle with two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other.
alternative term: Bike
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

e-bike
type: Class
subclass of: bicycle

bus
type: Class
subclass of: road vehicle
definition: A bus is a road vehicle that transports significantly more passengers than an average automobile.
alternative term: autobus
alternative term: omnibus
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

traffic signal
type: Class
subclass of: traffic management device

traffic light
type: Class
subclass of: traffic signal

metering point
type: Class
subclass of: traffic management device
alternative term: Zählstelle @de

Barrier
type: Class
subclass of: traffic management device

curb
type: Class
subclass of: artificial object
alternative term: Boardstein @de

Auslegemast
type: Class
subclass of: Mast

population
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate
definition: A population is an aggregate of people in a spatial region.

synthetic population
type: Class
subclass of: population

labour force
type: Class
subclass of: population
definition: The labour force is the population of people ages 15 and older who supply labour to the production of goods and services. It includes people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but seeking work as well as first-time job-seekers

rural population
type: Class
subclass of: population
definition: A rural population is a population living in rural areas, as defined by national statistical offices.

urban population
type: Class
subclass of: population
definition: An urban population is a population living in urban areas, as defined by national statistical offices.

working age population
type: Class
subclass of: population
definition: The working age population is the population of people aged 15 to 65.

vehicle fleet
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate
alternative term: vehicle stock

charging infrastructure
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate

railway system
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate

road transport
type: Class
subclass of: Transportation network

Settlement
type: Class
subclass of: Built-up land

Transportation network
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate
alternative term: Verkehrsnetz @de

rail transport
type: Class
subclass of: Transportation network

Railway infrastructure
type: Class
subclass of: railway system
alternative term: Gleisinfrastruktur @de

Transportation infrastructure
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate
alternative term: Verkehrsinfrastruktur @de

recreational traffic
type: Class
subclass of: traffic

traffic
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate

passenger traffic
type: Class
subclass of: traffic

transport
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate

transport of good
type: Class
subclass of: transport

long-distrance transport
type: Class
subclass of: transport

Built-up land
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate
alternative term: Bebauung @de

drivetrain
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate

portion of matter
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate
definition: A portion of matter is an aggregate of material entities that have a state of matter.

fuel
type: Class
subclass of: portion of matter
definition: A fuel is a portion of matter that has the disposition to be an energy carrier and that has a fuel role.

aerosol
type: Class
subclass of: object aggregate

model
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity
definition: A model is a continuant to represent a system and its behaviours in a simplified or idealised way.

company
type: Class
subclass of: organisation

Verein
type: Class
subclass of: organisation

public transport association
type: Class
subclass of: organisation

digital elevation model
type: Class
subclass of: model

urban model
type: Class
subclass of: model
alternative term: Stadtmodell @de

street topography
type: Class
subclass of: model

digital terrain model
type: Class
subclass of: terrain model

surface model
type: Class
subclass of: model

terrain model
type: Class
subclass of: model

traffic scenario
type: Class
subclass of: scenario

information content entity
type: Class
subclass of: generically dependent continuant
definition: A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing.

scenario
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity
definition: A scenario is an information content entity that contains statements about a possible future development based on a coherent and internally consistent set of assumptions and their motivation.

surface model behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: model

organisation
type: Class
subclass of: immaterial entity
definition: An organisation is an immaterial entity that has the organisation role and there exists some sort of legal framework that recognises the entity and its continued existence.

BAST
type: Class
subclass of: organisation
definition: Bundesamt für Straßenverkehr @de

track geometry
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity
alternative term: Gleisgeometrie @de

Longitudinal rail profile
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity
alternative term: Schienenlängsprofil @de

transport network component
type: Class
subclass of: artificial object
definition: A transport network component is an artificial object that is part of a transport network.

bridge
type: Class
subclass of: transport network component
definition: A bridge is a transport network component that spans a physical obstacle without blocking the way underneath.

canal
type: Class
subclass of: transport network component
definition: A canal is a transport network component that is an artificially created waterway.

railway
type: Class
subclass of: transport network component
definition: A railway is a transport network component that can only be used by trains

road
type: Class
subclass of: transport network component
definition: A road is a transport network component with an artificial surface that allows transport for road vehicles.

transport hub
type: Class
subclass of: transport network component
definition: A transport hub is a transport network component that allows the exchange of people and/or goods.

airport
type: Class
subclass of: transport hub
exact match: An airport is a transport hub for airplanes.

bus station
type: Class
subclass of: transport hub
exact match: A bus station is a transport hub for busses.

port
type: Class
subclass of: transport hub
definition: A port is a transport hub for ships.

train station
type: Class
subclass of: transport hub
definition: A train station is a transport hub for trains.

track centerline
type: Class
subclass of: information content entity
alternative term: Gleisachse @de

mobile cell
type: Class
subclass of: two-dimensional spatial region

object track
type: Class
subclass of: one-dimensional spatial region
alternative term: Bewegungspfad @de

trajectory data
type: Class
subclass of: one-dimensional spatial region
alternative term: Trajektoriendaten @de

Commute
type: Class
subclass of: one-dimensional spatial region
alternative term: Arbeitsweg @de

position
type: Class
subclass of: zero-dimensional spatial region

protected areas
type: Class
subclass of: two-dimensional spatial region

region of relevance
type: Class
subclass of: spatial region
definition: A region of relevance is a spatial region that is used in a study or analysis, or is part of spatial planning.

protected area
type: Class
subclass of: region of relevance
definition: A protected area is a region of relevance that has the protected area role.

suitable area
type: Class
subclass of: region of relevance
definition: A suitable region is a region of relevance that has the suitable region role.

spatial scope of interpretation and validity
type: Class
subclass of: region of relevance
alternative term: räumlicher interpretations- und Gültigkeitsbereich @de

Cycling path
type: Class
subclass of: fiat surface

street
type: Class
subclass of: fiat surface

sidewalk
type: Class
subclass of: fiat surface

railway track
type: Class
subclass of: fiat surface

water way
type: Class
subclass of: fiat surface

highway
type: Class
subclass of: street

federal highway
type: Class
subclass of: highway

opening hours
type: Class
subclass of: one-dimensional temporal region
alternative term: business hours

visiting hours
type: Class
subclass of: one-dimensional temporal region

departures
type: Class
subclass of: process boundary

arrivals
type: Class
subclass of: process boundary

stop
type: Class
subclass of: process boundary

wear
type: Class
subclass of: process profile

procedures at airports
type: Class
subclass of: process profile
comment: Handlungen/Vorgänge bei Luftfahrt, Flughafenwesen @de

mode of transport
type: Class
subclass of: process profile
definition: A mode of transport is a method or way of traveling or of transporting participants in a journey.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/41

air transport
type: Class
subclass of: mode of transport
definition: Air transport is a mode of transport which uses air vehicles.
alternative term: aviation
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/41

water transport
type: Class
subclass of: mode of transport
definition: Water transport is a mode of transport which occurs on or in water.
alternative term: sea transport
alternative term: ship transport
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/41

ground transport
type: Class
subclass of: mode of transport
definition: Ground transport is a mode of transport which occurs on a solid surface..
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/41

non-motorised transport
type: Class
subclass of: process profile

walk
type: Class
subclass of: non-motorised transport

regional public transport
type: Class
subclass of: regional transport

regional transport
type: Class
subclass of: process profile

public transport
type: Class
subclass of: process profile

simulation
type: Class
subclass of: model calculation

model calculation
type: Class
subclass of: process
definition: A model calculation is a process of solving mathematical equations of a model.

data collection
type: Class
subclass of: process

recording
type: Class
subclass of: data collection

road side accident
type: Class
subclass of: recording

toll collection
type: Class
subclass of: recording
alternative term: Mauterhebung @de

tracking
type: Class
subclass of: recording

measurement
type: Class
subclass of: recording

observation
type: Class
subclass of: data collection

surveillance of conditions
type: Class
subclass of: observation

survey
type: Class
subclass of: data collection

vehicle owner survey
type: Class
subclass of: survey

maintenance
type: Class
subclass of: process

development
type: Class
subclass of: process

infrastructure development
type: Class
subclass of: development

population development
type: Class
subclass of: development

transport development
type: Class
subclass of: development

rail transport
type: Class
subclass of: mode of transport
definition: Rail transport is a mode of transport which uses wheeled vehicles on rail tracks.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/41

road transport
type: Class
subclass of: mode of transport
definition: Road transport is a mode of transport which occurs on roads.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/41

Means of Transport
type: Class
subclass of: artificial object
definition: Means of transport are transport facilities used to transport participants in a journey.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

space vehicle
type: Class
subclass of: vehicle
definition: A space vehicle is a vehicle that is designed to travel and operate in outer space.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

drone
type: Class
subclass of: vehicle
definition: A drone is an vehicle with no human pilot, crew, or passengers on board, but rather is controlled remotely or is autonomous.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

air drone
type: Class
subclass of: drone
definition: An air drone is a drone which flies in the air.
alternative term: unmanned aircraft system
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

ground drone
type: Class
subclass of: drone
definition: A ground drone is a drone which moves along the ground.
alternative term: unmanned areal vehicle
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

water drone
type: Class
subclass of: drone
definition: A water drone is a drone which moves in or on water.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

space drone
type: Class
subclass of: drone
definition: A space drone is a drone which moves in outer space.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

ship
type: Class
subclass of: water vehicle
definition: A ship is a water vehicle designed for travel across the surface of a body of water.
alternative term: boat
alternative term: waterborn vehicle
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

motorised vehicle
type: Class
subclass of: vehicle
definition: A motorised vehicle is a vehicle that uses a motor for propulsion.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

trailer
type: Class
subclass of: road vehicle
definition: A trailer is a non-self propelled vehicle that is designed and constructed to be towed by a power driven vehicle.
term tracker annotation: https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/open-transport-ontology/issues/42

bfo-spec-label
definition source: Person:Alan Ruttenberg

BFO_0000134
elucidation: To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])
elucidation: To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])

Axiom
annotated source: BFO_0000134
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/080-003

Axiom
annotated source: BFO_0000134
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/081-003